Study of Crystalline Silicon Solar Cell Fabrication Technology has been presented in this research. This study includes solar cell configurations such as monofacial, bifacial or back contact solar cells. Solar cell efficiency that increased in early phase due to semiconductor processing, contact resistance 16% to 25% in second phase after eighties for wafer quality, minority carrier lifetime. The study also includes manufacturing cost which refers to silicon wafer thickness that represents 50 % cost of a solar panel. Then, the production costs, module costs, system costs. The costs of the solar module are dependent on the number of cells within the module, which is multiplied by the costs of the cells. The wafer thickness has been reduced from 400µm to 200µm. Thereafter, the fabrication process diagrams for solar cells manufacturing has been presented. Industrial solar cell manufacturing of crystalline silicon solar cells whether it is with a toxic SiH4 and POCl3 based or Saline and POCl3 free fabrication process, they all share the common fabrication steps in the process diagram are wafer inspection, damage removal & texturing and screen printing Ag/Al. Varies in the emitter formation step as POCl3 diffusion, Phosphoric acid diffusion, thermal oxidation or in-situ oxidation. Rapid thermal processing (RTP) is a semiconductor manufacturing process which heats silicon wafers to temperatures exceeding 1,000°C for not more than a few seconds in order to affect its electrical properties. The light current-voltage (LIV) measurements for solar cells have been presented as well. The performance reduction is attributed to reduced passivation, poor minority carrier lifetime and high reflection losses.
Solar Cells, Configurations, Efficiency, Manufacturing Cost and Fabrication Process Diagrams.
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