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A Review on Autism Spectrum Disorder: Advances in Neurobiology, Diagnosis, and Emerging Therapeutic Strategies

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A Review on Autism Spectrum Disorder: Advances in Neurobiology, Diagnosis, and Emerging Therapeutic Strategies


Vishal Kumar | Ms. Roshan Zehra



Vishal Kumar | Ms. Roshan Zehra "A Review on Autism Spectrum Disorder: Advances in Neurobiology, Diagnosis, and Emerging Therapeutic Strategies" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-9 | Issue-2, April 2025, pp.584-589, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd78367.pdf

Repetitive behaviors, limited interests, and ongoing social communication impairments are hallmarks of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), a complex and diverse neurodevelopmental disorder. Although evidence suggests a multifaceted genesis combining genetic, epigenetic, neurological, and environmental variables, the precise etiology of ASD is still unknown. The pathogenesis of the condition has been influenced by developments in neurobiology, which have shown anomalies in immune system function, neurotransmitter control, and brain connectivity. Behavioral tests like the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS) and the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (ADI-R) are used in traditional ASD diagnosis. To improve diagnostic accuracy, AI-driven models that include facial recognition, speech analysis, and eye tracking are being created. Behavioral interventions (Applied Behavior Analysis, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy), pharmaceutical techniques (antipsychotics, oxytocin-based therapies), and supportive therapies (occupational therapy, speech therapy) are examples of contemporary therapeutic approaches. Precision medicine, microbiome-targeted therapies, and neurotechnological developments (such virtual reality-based social training and transcranial magnetic stimulation) have all emerged as viable approaches to managing ASD in recent years.

Autism Spectrum Disorder, Neurobiology, Genetic and Epigenetic Factors, Biomarkers, Artificial Intelligence, Early Diagnosis, Precision Medicine, Gut-Brain Axis, Behavioral Therapy, Neuroimaging, Neuromodulation, Microbiome-Based Therapies, Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation, Digital Therapeutics, Neurodevelopmental Disorders


IJTSRD78367
Volume-9 | Issue-2, April 2025
584-589
IJTSRD | www.ijtsrd.com | E-ISSN 2456-6470
Copyright © 2019 by author(s) and International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development Journal. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0) (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0)

International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development - IJTSRD having online ISSN 2456-6470. IJTSRD is a leading Open Access, Peer-Reviewed International Journal which provides rapid publication of your research articles and aims to promote the theory and practice along with knowledge sharing between researchers, developers, engineers, students, and practitioners working in and around the world in many areas like Sciences, Technology, Innovation, Engineering, Agriculture, Management and many more and it is recommended by all Universities, review articles and short communications in all subjects. IJTSRD running an International Journal who are proving quality publication of peer reviewed and refereed international journals from diverse fields that emphasizes new research, development and their applications. IJTSRD provides an online access to exchange your research work, technical notes & surveying results among professionals throughout the world in e-journals. IJTSRD is a fastest growing and dynamic professional organization. The aim of this organization is to provide access not only to world class research resources, but through its professionals aim to bring in a significant transformation in the real of open access journals and online publishing.

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