Smart Solar Grass Cutter Robot

Copyright © 2019 by author(s) and International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development Journal. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0) (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by/4.0) ABSTRACT Today, we know that solar energy is a renewable source of energy. And the fossils fuel may not be available in the future and it also pollutes to our environment. So we have to use, one of the most promising source of energy where everyone focusing on the concept of solar power and its utilization. Smartly grass cutting robot detects obstacles by the ultrasonic sensor with servo in wide range for avoiding obstacles without any need of human interaction. All the motors, sensors and cutting operation are automatically controlled by the Arduino and manually by Bluetooth module. And the cutting operation is performed by single metallic thread which is operated by DC motor (10000 rpm). Cutting robot batteries charged by a charging dock which is located in the ground separately. Charging dock is attached with the Solar panel and charging controller.


INTRODUCTION
Smart solar grass cutter robots have become very popular today. Grass cutter robot is used for autonomous grass trimming. In a time where technology with environmental awareness, machines are looking for relief of their own carbon footprints. So, we prepared a model of the automatic grass cutting robot operates through solar energy, (non renewable energy. This robot reduces environmental pollution. In this robot, the powering a grass cutter by solar energy rather than the fuel energy is mainly environmentally. The gardener used hand scissors to cut and maintain lawn regularly which also takes more time. It is very difficult to maintain uniformity. But the unskilled gardener can be easily operate the solar grass cutter.

LITERATURE SURVEY
G. Rahul portrays the use of solar energy to start an electric motor which turns a blade which does the cutting grass. Bhosale Swapnil ,Khadake Sagar explained that the smart solar grass is automatic for the purpose of grass cutting. The system is driven by the solar energy by using solar panel and store the voltage and current in battery. The programmed grass cutting machine is structured utilizing photovoltaic source and engine speed control. Ms. Yogita D. Ambekar, Mr.
Abhishek U. Ghate make the grass cutter which operates on solar energy hence save the electricity and reduces manpower. P.Amrutesh, B.Sagar, B.Venu proposed smart solar grass cutter system in uses of sliding blades to cut a lawn at an even length.

II. Block Diagram Description 1. Arduino uno
Arduino is a gadget which is utilized for hardware ventures. Arduino comprises a programmable circuit board (microcontroller) and a bit of programming, or IDE (Integrated Development Environment) that keeps running in the PC. It used to compose and transfer computer code to the programming board. Board requires +5v for working legitimately. It gives 20mA current.

Ultrasonic Sensor
The ultrasonic sensor uses ultrasonic sound to measure the distance of an object. It furnishes non-contact remove recognition with high exactness and stability in readings from 2 cm to 400 cm. Its working isn't influenced by daylight. It comes with ultrasonic transmitter (trig) and receiver (echo) for measuring distance.

L298N Motor driver
The L298N motor driver is a H-Bridge motor driver which provides speed and direction control of two DC motors at the same time. The driver module can drive DC motors that have voltages between 5 and 35V, with a max. current up to 3A. We can control the speed of the DC motor by controlling the supply voltage to the motor and it is done by using PWM signal. The module has two terminal pin for the motor 1 and 2, and another terminal pin for the Ground pin, the VCC pin which gives input or output 5V.

Batteries
Solar panel produces electricity in the day light only. It is not store energy. So, it is require to store the electricity produced. So we use batteries (6 volt each) to store electrical energy generated by the solar panel. It is also used for the powering operation system. The 6 volt batteries are connected in series for 12 volt DC supply. And it charged on the charging dock through charging socket and charging dock is connected with solar panel and charging controller.

Bluetooth Module
Bluetooth module HC-05 is a module which is use for providing serials data to microprocessor (Arduino) through wirelessly. It can be used in a master configuration and slave configuration. We can use it for controlling the robot manually for return back into charging Dock for charging the batteries. Range of HC-05 module is 100 meters approx. 3. After that the front ultrasonic sensor is mounted on the servo motor. It moves left direction and the ultrasonic sensor measure the distance as well as right direction distance is also measure. 4. Then both the distance are compare then which one is maximum robot take turn at that direction. 5. Bottom ultrasonic sensor detects the ground surface.
If the robot lifted up then the relay switching OFF and the cutter stop rotating so it prevent the accident. 6. Bluetooth module HC-05 controls the robot when the trimming is completed then it is return back to the charging dock for charging the battery. So the robot is manually operated by the Smart phone through Bluetooth wirelessly for reaching the robot at the charging dock.

CONCLUSION
Our Robot is a fully automatic and artificial intelligently operated robot and modification in the charging the batteries by separate charging dock. Charging Dock is attached to solar panel and charging controller. Charging of the batteries are completed into 1 hour in day light. Robot is working continuously 2 hours. Robot operates automatically and also manually through wirelessly. Range of wireless is 100 meter approx. Robot are using metallic thread cutter technology (2mm thick). It has a safety feature also.
So, it provides a regular size trimming of grass by the automatic function without any human interfere. It is a futuristic robot which works without taking of any nonrenewable energy source and human effort.