Design and Developing of Two-Wheeler Handle Gripper Using 3D Printing Technology

Copyright © 2019 by author(s) and International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development Journal. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0) (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by/4.0) ABSTRACT This paper provides information about design and developing of two-wheeler handle gripper using the 3D printing. This technology allows to build a part in such a wat that thermoplastic material through nozzle deposited layer by layer and manufacture with high degree of freedom unachievable with the traditional manufacturing method. These two-wheeler handle grippers (TWHG) play important role in providing grip to driver during vehicle running and idle conditions, it is difficult to make firm grip between hand and handle without handle gripper on two-wheeler handle. For this paper purpose handle gripper model is created in CATIA V5, it is fully three-dimensional modelling software, by using this model of handle grippers 3D printed handle grippers are created by the method of fused deposition process of rapid prototyping technology.


I. Introduction
Grippers are the devices that hold the equipment or part of machine in order to provide better holding experience to consumers of devices, these are used in different machines like automobiles and small components etc. In case of twowheeler handle grippers plays an important role in speed control of vehicle.
In generals these grippers are fabricated by injection moulding and other conventional fabrication methods, this method of fabrication process provides better quality, but it is time consuming process and defects generation problem will arise in this process so in this project rapid prototyping technology is used.
Rapid prototyping technology provides better quality to products and less processing time. In this technology different methods are there best for production of this gripper's id fused deposition method. This process involves the lay-by layer application of materials according to model created in this software.
For this project CATIA V5 is used as modeling tool in order to create 3D model of handle grippers on basis of requirement and dimensions of handle where it is placed. 3D printer is used to produce final product on basis of design provided to printer from Idea Maker software.
Computer aided drafting reduces the cost of testing of product after production because it includes analysis tool to solve this problem. 3D printed parts are analyzed by this method without breaking it [1], 3D printed casting parts are used in the replacement of tradition casted parts, it reduces the steps involved in the traditional process and time taken for fabrication also be less [2], complex shapes and geometries are difficult to produce by using traditional method but 3D printing technology produce complex shapes also with benefits of large mass reduction and material usage minimum in production [3].

II.
Materials For TWHG fabrication process different materials are used like plastics etc, but fabrication by using these materials is difficult compared to fused deposition method. Generally, for 3D printing purpose different materials like plastics, ceramics and other materials are used in powder or wire as shown in Fig.1. form, polylactic acid (PLA) is selected for fabrication because its is famous for moulding purposes and it provides firm grim if it is directly used.  Selection of material for any production purpose depends on their application, where they are applied in real practice, what are properties needed for that application. For design of TWHG data must be collected like diameter, length and gripping area these data is necessary for design and modelling of TWHG.
After model creation that file converted into STL file format and sent to 3D printer for production.

IV.
Modelling of Two-Wheeler Handle Grippers Handle gripper model is created by using CAD software CATIA V5R20, this is fully three-dimensional software. this software was extensively used in the design of the mirage aircraft, however of the software soon made it a popular choice in the automotive sector as well. As CATIA was accepted by more manufacturing companies. This software can be used at different stages of the design-ideate, draw, test and iterate.

Steps for 3D model Production
Select the plane on which the design needs to be drawn. Select sketcher it is used to create 2D representation of part and draw two circles as shown in Fig.3.

Fig.3. Sketching of TWHG
After creating profile exit from workbench and enter part design. By using pad option add material to profile of handle gripper and set height as shown in Fig.4.

Fig.4. Adding Material to Sketch
Select one of surface end to create 2D representation of part and draw circle. After creating profile exit from workbench and enter part design. By using pad option add material to profile of handle gripper and set thickness. Select another surface of handle gripper, create 2D representation of part and set thickness. By using pad option add material to profile of handle gripper and set thickness. Select cylindrical surface to create 2D representation of part and draw profile. STL file is opened in IdeaMaker software for slicing as shown in Fig.6. of modelled handle grippers, slicing is necessary in order to get better product from 3D printer as shown in Fig.7, final product as shown in Fig.8.

VI.
Conclusion From this project it concluded that fabrication of twowheeler handle grippers by using traditional methods takes more time for production and skilled person is required for production process.
By using 3d printers these problems are reduced to some extent like time taken for fabrication process is less compared to traditional process, it provides better quality to product and, gives better dimensional accuracy within a short period of time.
These grippers are not having smooth surface, by using rubber cover on to its surface it is better to use in twowheeler handles.