Application of Electric Generators Driven by Tractor in Agriculture

The problems of generating sets powered by the tractor for the backup power supply of the agricultural production of small and medium energy build up. The comparative characteristics of expenses on diesel power plants and electricity generation systems, when the backup power supply of dairy farms. Justify the need for power plant agriculture.


Introduction:
The development of a market economy is increased requirements for uninterrupted power supply of agricultural production. Interruptions in electricity applied to agriculture substantial material damage and disrupt the course of technological processes [1, 2, etc.].
To improve the reliability of power supply, it is desirable to use network backup. However, it does not always provide uninterrupted power supply, especially in adverse weather conditions (ice, high winds, etc.). In addition, the majority of rural consumers of Kazakhstan removed at considerable distances and provided with electricity by the radial transmission lines of considerable length, making it difficult to use network backup. Therefore, at this stage of development of rural electricity, it is advisable to develop both traditional and non-traditional sources of energy autonomous.
Budding is the use of alternative energy sources, among which are of particular interest for Kazakhstan are: wind, solar and small hydro. However, these sources of energy have not yet received proper distribution due to the complexity of the technical and economic decisions [2].
Currently, when a power interruption, as a basic stand-alone power source, and used diesel power generating sets (DES), mobile power plants (TPP) and power generators driven by the PTO of the tractor (EGT). Considered in this paper setting EGT developed in the Kazakh National Agrarian University (KazNAU). To use the EGT at remote agricultural sites proposed structural improvements, which aim to create a universal installation capable ensure prompt repairs in the field. For this purpose, in the upper part of the frame formed compartments which may be placed power tools for repairs. At the bottom there is enough space for welding machines, battery chargers and International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) ISSN: 2456-6470 @ IJTSRD | Available Online @ www.ijtsrd.com | Volume -1 | Issue -5 | July-Aug 2017 Page: 1178 earthling. Shield EGT control is equipped with a three-phase and single-phase outputs.

Figure 2 -EGT in transport position
Installation starts from the moment when the tractor PTO (power take off shaft) and bring his speed about 1000 rev / min. After that starts the generator and the control room equipment show the relevant data.
Connecting the electrical load must be accompanied by the regulation and maintenance of the rated voltage and frequency. The first is governed by the handle on the control panel, the second -the tractor engine speed.
Under normal conditions, electricity consumer groups of EGT via the existing distribution points, cabinets or panels.
If you change the place of work EGT rises via the tractor hydraulics and transported to the required distance. When long-distance transportation of installation immersed in the trailer or the car body.
Thus, the proposed EGT simple in execution and maintenance, mobile, reliable in operation and does not require special storage facilities. As the power generator can be used, new and second-hand (available in farms) synchronous generators of different brands and types without design changes.
Application backup independent source would be economically justified if the annual costs given to it will be equal to or less than the expected annual damage from power outages: Where V -the total annual damage in agricultural production from power interruptions, tengeyear. Given that the average duration of most farms is 150 hours [4, 5, etc.], It is easy to verify the effectiveness of EGT driven tractors for many agricultural enterprises.
The effectiveness of the autonomous redundancy will increase significantly when using mobile autonomous energy sources, as these sources during a power interruption; you can reserve several agricultural facilities of low power. This contributes to the relatively short-term operation of agricultural power consumers.  1 -for the DPP; 2 -for Euchar; 3 -average damage MTF for 400 cows.
Technical and economic calculations have shown that the annual costs given for EGT is about 3 times lower than for fixed or mobile DEL similar capacity. It was found that the payback period EGT does not exceed 1 year. This is due to the fact that EGT is not permanently fixed to the prime mover and the tractor is only required at the time of backup power responsible consumers.
Given the above considerations, it can be concluded that the most effective means of autonomous redundant agricultural buildings is the use of lowpower EGT. Additionally, EGT drive from the tractor eliminates the generator start-up problem in winter time and significantly reduces the cost of maintenance and installation services.