Green and Light Weight Vehicles Power Transmission System Design and Development

The learning on green vehicle was introduced and promoted to reduce the difficulty of air toxic wast e caused by emissions of conventional vehicle. Green mobility are vehicles with low fuel/energy consumption and low/zero exhaust gas emission, these vehicles are like hybrid, battery powered, an d fuel cell electric vehicle that can be enhanced to be more efficient than the conventional vehicles thr a new design and development of power transmission system. Power transmission system for green and lightweight vehicles consists of different componen ts like gear box, propeller shaft, differential and fi nal drive. In this review more emphasis is give box due to some reasons: firstly, it is one of the heaviest component of the power train system and as a result weight reduction is critically needed to increase the efficiency of the vehicle. Secondly, gearshift takes place therefore, torque int needs to minimize. The outcome from the simulation software will be validated by investigational tests on test rigs. One way of minimizing fuel consumption i s to reduce the weight of the gearbox by 10% reductio n in vehicle mass can enhanced fuel economy by about to 7%. The dissimilar researchers confirm that to h ave high vehicle efficiency the type of the transmissio n they used matters. A vehicle using automated manual transmission (AMT) and dual clutch transmission is more efficient in terms of l ess energy loss and gearshift comfort.

The learning on green vehicle was introduced and promoted to reduce the difficulty of air toxic waste caused by emissions of conventional vehicle. The Green mobility are vehicles with low fuel/energy consumption and low/zero exhaust gas emission, these vehicles are like hybrid, battery powered, and fuel cell electric vehicle that can be enhanced to be more efficient than the conventional vehicles through a new design and development of power transmission system. Power transmission system for green and lightweight vehicles consists of different components like gear box, propeller shaft, differential and final drive. In this review more emphasis is given to gear box due to some reasons: firstly, it is one of the heaviest component of the power train system and as a result weight reduction is critically needed to increase the efficiency of the vehicle. Secondly, gearshift takes place therefore, torque interruption needs to minimize. The outcome from the simulation software will be validated by investigational tests on test rigs. One way of minimizing fuel consumption is to reduce the weight of the gearbox by 10% reduction economy by about to 7%. The dissimilar researchers confirm that to have high vehicle efficiency the type of the transmission they used matters. A vehicle using automated manual transmission (AMT) and dual clutch transmission is ess energy loss and Green vehicle, Light weight, Gearshift, Fuel consumption, Power transmission, Clutch. Global, regional and local governments are investing heavily in the development of green vehicles like clean electric, hybrid vehicle. Private and government sectors all over the world are searching for technological innovations that reduce costs and increase environment-friendly and low fuel utilization vehicles. Planning on typical weather change have been posing automotive industry challenges, as carmakers have to meet tight emission standards from different countries. Adapting green technologies will have the potential of reducing C02 emissions by 35 million to 44 million tons from vehicles with IC engine. The cost and green benefit is an optimal solution for technology to improve the fuel efficiency of power transmission by lowering efficiency loss and decreasing drag torque losses in the transmission. Automobile technology has brought advancement and convenience to modem lives, but at the same time lead to serious environmental issues. A countermeasure has evolved to address against such problems, an automotive technology such as high efficiency engine, hybridization, or weight reduction has emerged. In automotive technology, the term power transmission refers to the group of components that uses to transfer power from the engine and deliver it to the road surface, water, or air. The amount of torque energy wasted on an automatic transmission (AT) is due to its slipping nature of the torque converter applied in the widely gear-type or continuously variable automatic transmissions. This disadvantage no longer exists when it comes to the manual transmission (MT), in which the engine and the wheels can be mechanically linked by the clutch. To date, electric vehicles (EVs) have employed single speed reduction gears for transmission [21,22]. However, to meet the required vehicle performance, such as the acceleration performance, the climbing perf e. The cost and green benefit is an optimal solution for technology to improve the fuel efficiency of power transmission by lowering efficiency loss and decreasing drag torque losses in the transmission. Automobile technology has brought advancement and nvenience to modem lives, but at the same time lead to serious environmental issues. A countermeasure has evolved to address against such problems, an automotive technology such as highefficiency engine, hybridization, or weight reduction automotive technology, the term power transmission refers to the group of components that uses to transfer power from the engine and deliver it to the road surface, water, or air. The amount of torque energy wasted on an automatic to its slipping nature of the torque converter applied in the widely-used planetary type or continuously variable automatic transmissions. This disadvantage no longer exists when it comes to the manual transmission (MT), in eels can be mechanically linked by the clutch. To date, electric vehicles (EVs) have employed single speed reduction gears for transmission [21,22]. However, to meet the required vehicle performance, such as the acceleration performance, the climbing performance and the International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) ISSN: 245 @ IJTSRD | Available Online @ www.ijtsrd.com maximum speed, with a single-speed reduction gear, a traction motor with a high power and a high capacity is needed, as well as a high-capacity inverter to drive the motor. Expecting to improve the EV performance, researchers and designers are investing much of their resources to the application of multiple speed transmissions instead of traditional single speed transmissions. The detail advantages of two transmission over single speed are demonstrated and reported work. The comparison between IC engine

Materials and Methods used:
The recent methodology used for Developing of power transmission system for green vehicles in comparison with conventional vehicle. These days the design and methodology of power transmission system can enhance both in terms of efficiency increment and weight reduction. In order to get the target, showing the methods, how to develop the power transmission system for green and lightweight vehicle, is very crucial.
International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) ISSN: 245 www.ijtsrd.com | Volume -2 | Issue -6 | Sep-Oct 2018 speed reduction gear, a traction motor with a high power and a hightorque capacity inverter to drive the motor. Expecting to improve the EV igners are investing much of their resources to the application of multiple speed transmissions instead of traditional single speed transmissions. The detail advantages of two-speed transmission over single speed are demonstrated and parison between IC engine and EV in terms of torque and speed, IC engine is not capable of propelling a vehicle from rest on its own on account of generating low torques at low rpm, a torque amplifying transmission system is very much required, For such vehicles, transmission is also required to allow a vehicle to stop by disconnecting the drive and change the speed ratio between engine and wheels whenever required.
The recent methodology used for Developing of power transmission system for green vehicles in comparison with conventional vehicle. These days the design and methodology of power transmission system can enhance both in terms of efficiency ght reduction. In order to get the target, showing the methods, how to develop the power transmission system for green and lightweight This Research paper of discuss about numerical and experimental investigation of drag torque twospeed dual clutch transmission testing performed using a green vehicle powertrain with a two DCT uses a methodology of Measured input and output parameters like speed and torque and oil temperature of DCT case and test rig operated at stable conditions (gear, speed, motor torque, and oil temp) for at least two minutes. and EV in terms of torque and speed, IC engine is not capable of propelling a vehicle from rest on its own on account of generating low torques at low rpm, a torque amplifying transmission system is very much hicles, transmission is also required to allow a vehicle to stop by disconnecting the drive and change the speed ratio between engine and wheels whenever required.
This Research paper of discuss about numerical and experimental investigation of drag torque in a twospeed dual clutch transmission testing performed using a green vehicle powertrain with a two-speed DCT uses a methodology of Measured input and output parameters like speed and torque and oil temperature of DCT case and test rig operated at conditions (gear, speed, motor torque, and oil temp) for at least two minutes.

Material Used for Green vehicle Transmission:
The type of materials used has a significant effect on fuel consumption and weight of vehicles as a result many researchers agree that in every 10% minimization in vehicle weight can reduce fuel consumption by about 7% so designer and manufacturers spent more time on searching for materials that have lightweight and can withstand the required load. Power transmission system components comprise the heaviest system on the vehicle; therefore, weight reduction is more feasible in terms of fuel consumption [39].
The needs for high output, long life, and minimizing the weight of automobiles drive train and machinery are constantly increasing, necessitating further increases in loads to gear and drive system parts like shafts. To meet this demand, further enhancement of the strengths of the individual parts of the vehicle like

Material Used for Green vehicle Transmission:
The type of materials used has a significant effect on fuel consumption and weight of vehicles as a result many researchers agree that in every 10% minimization in vehicle weight can reduce fuel consumption by about 7% so designer and nt more time on searching for materials that have lightweight and can withstand the required load. Power transmission system components comprise the heaviest system on the vehicle; therefore, weight reduction is more feasible in terms To date due to environmental issues researchers are giving focus in composite materials due to good mechanical property. Vehicle power transmission components are manufactured from metal matrix composites (MMCs) that use filaments, whiskers or particles of high strength materials to enhance the properties of the base matrix in critical areas. A more ambitious solution is possible in the medium term, using polymer matrix composites (PMCs).
The needs for high output, long life, and minimizing the weight of automobiles drive train and machinery are constantly increasing, necessitating further increases in loads to gear and drive system parts like et this demand, further enhancement of the strengths of the individual parts of the vehicle like gears, shafts are required. In response to these demands, a variety of attempts have been made in two aspects such as new material development and process improvement. Page: 676 To date due to environmental issues researchers are giving focus in composite materials due to good mechanical property. Vehicle power transmission components are manufactured from metal matrix composites (MMCs) that use filaments, whiskers or les of high strength materials to enhance the properties of the base matrix in critical areas. A more ambitious solution is possible in the medium term, using polymer matrix composites (PMCs).
gears, shafts are required. In response to these demands, a variety of attempts have been made in two aspects such as new material development and International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) ISSN: 245 @ IJTSRD | Available Online @ www.ijtsrd.com Li et al.
[43] used pin-on-disc experiments to show that regular steel (16MnCr5) disks on powder metallurgy (PM) material pins, and PM material disks on PM material pins, had lower friction coefficients than regular steel disks on regular steel pins. On th basis of these results [44], investigated the gear mesh torque loss of regular steel gears and PM material gears. They found that running a standard material gear against a PM gear can improve the efficiency of transmission gears. Li et al. also investig gear mesh torque loss of regular steel and PM material ground gears but the efficiency of super finished PM gear are unknown. The current technology shows little potential of gear weight reduction due to the trade-off between mass optimization and the manufacturing process.
ZHANG et al.
[45] Discuss about demand for cleaner steels increases every year. In addition to lowering non-metallic oxide inclusions and controlling their morphology, composition and size distribution, clean steel requires lowering other residual impurity elements such as sulfur, phosphorus, hydrogen, nitrogen and even carbon, and trace elements such as As, Sn, Sb, Se, Cu, Pb, and Bi. front shaft which is used to apply the load. The flanges of the load clutch are twisted relative to each other and bolted together for applying load and torque was applied by weights and lo

Results and Discussion:
The results and discussion of this review papers will discuss in this chapter. Their results are different as they apply different methods and for different applications. Bernd Matthes [20] discuss the fuel efficiency of various power transmission types in terms of fuel saving and comfort rating. As it depicted in Fig. (5) Below, the best fuel economy transmission is AMT which is even better than manual transmission. In addition to the AMT, the wet DCTs and dry DCTs have the highest efficiency as well as good comfort. However, if passengers' comfort and driver's preference are considered, AMT is not the first option for conventional vehicles which only contain one power source. Based on the combined factors, the DCTs are the best choice for conventional vehicles.
Below figure shows the efficiency analysis and a comparison between different transmissions types. From the graph as clearly shown that the highest efficiency belongs to DCTs, especially the dry clutch DCT as stated in [49].
International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) ISSN: 2456-6470

Oct 2018
Page: 677 front shaft which is used to apply the load. The flanges of the load clutch are twisted relative to each other and bolted together for applying load and torque was applied by weights and load lever.
The results and discussion of this review papers will discuss in this chapter. Their results are different as they apply different methods and for different applications. Bernd Matthes [20] discuss the fuel various power transmission types in terms of fuel saving and comfort rating. As it depicted , the best fuel economy transmission is AMT which is even better than manual transmission. In addition to the AMT, the wet DCTs he highest efficiency as well as good comfort. However, if passengers' comfort and driver's preference are considered, AMT is not the first option for conventional vehicles which only contain one power source. Based on the combined e best choice for conventional Below figure shows the efficiency analysis and a comparison between different transmissions types. From the graph as clearly shown that the highest efficiency belongs to DCTs, especially the dry clutch