Regional disparities in literacy levels were rightly emphasised in the recent Jammu and Kashmir Finance Commission report, with Jammu having achieved a literacy rate of 73% and Kashmir only 65%. However, this note argues that differences between districts and education zones, and more importantly, between different socio-economic groups are more real and sizeable. These can be traced to high dropout rates among school children, owing to the numerous direct and indirect effects of over two decades of conflict In 2011 census, the number of districts has increased from 15 to 22 districts. The percentage of female literacy also increased almost in all the districts of Jammu and Kashmir as compared to the previous census of 1981 and 2001. It is usually believed that once the critical mark of 50% is crossed in case of literacy, literacy, and education becomes a self-expanding process. It is largely so because more than half of the population becomes socially and economically more awakened and starts having demonstration impact upon the rest which to tries to follow. In the case of female literacy, this critical barrier of 50% has happily been crossed in some districts of Jammu and Kashmir. These are 15 districts including Jammu, Doda, Rajouri, Poonch, Udhampur, Samba, Srinagar, Anantnag, Baramulla, Kargil, Kupwara, Leh, Pulwama, Shopian. Majority of the population is dependent on agriculture and allied activities.
Literacy, Region, Education, Districts
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