This literature review shows different types of Active Learning Frameworks (ALFs). It includes behaviorism, constructivism, connectivism as a learning theory, universal learning design, deductive and inductive teaching techniques, debates, discussions, microlearning, and digital storytelling techniques, improving student engagement and participation, enhancing the learning environment, and building knowledge structure. The literature shows that the classroom environment of the 21st century differs from the traditional teaching environment. The Internet and modern research-based teaching models have created fundamental, long-term changes in the classroom teaching environment, technologically, socially, and psychologically. As the norm of traditional teaching models has slowly eroded, ALFs have taken their place across junior colleges, 4-year colleges, and graduate-level universities. This replacement represents significant changes in educational pedagogy. Although using a new teaching framework is generally difficult in the classroom, a blended teaching method will facilitate active learning. This study's findings suggest future research possibilities for an ALF that can benefit the classroom. Ultimately, using an ALF can lead to a more comprehensive active learning process, thereby helping students and institutions of higher education. There is a need to explore educators who have experienced ALFs regarding how different ALFs have affected student engagement and participation in the structure of building knowledge. Quantitative survey data may then help generalize the research results.
Teaching, Active Learning, Learning strategies, teaching techniques, Universal Design for Learning, Constructivism, Behaviorism, Deductive teaching techniques, Inductive teaching techniques, Connectivism
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