Digital ecosystems refer to dynamic, interconnected networks of organizations, individuals, technologies, and data that co-evolve through digital platforms and shared infrastructures. Enabled by advances in cloud computing, big data, artificial intelligence, and application programming interfaces (APIs), digital ecosystems facilitate collaboration, innovation, and value co-creation across traditional organizational boundaries. Unlike linear value chains, digital ecosystems are characterized by modular architectures, decentralized governance, and network effects, allowing diverse actors such as platform owners, complementors, and users to interact and adapt continuously. These ecosystems enhance scalability and flexibility but also introduce challenges related to governance, data ownership, security, and power asymmetries. In this paper, we highlight the core characteristics of digital ecosystems, their strategic importance, and the key managerial and regulatory implications associated with their development and sustainability in the digital economy.
Digital ecosystems, digital platforms, shared infrastructures, cloud computing, big data, artificial intelligence, application programming interfaces (APIs), power asymmetries, data ownership, security, scalability, flexibility.
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