The present study aimed to formulate and evaluate Acetazolamide as a lozenge to combat flaws in regard to conventional dosage form. Mountain sickness is a distressing disease common in the estimated hundred million who briskly ascend from lower altitudes to elevations above 2500 m. around the world. It is manifests with headache, which is often associated with fatigue, lightheadedness, anorexia, nausea, vomiting and disturbed sleep with frequent awakening. Acetazolamide is a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor works by shortening the period of high-altitude acclimatization; by inhibiting conversion of carbon dioxide to bicarbonate, the resultant metabolic acidosis may also increase oxygenation during hypoxia. Lozenges were manufactured by heating and congealing method with sucrose with dextrose as a base of lozenge and HPMC (E5) in varying concentrations. Preformulation illustrated compatibility of excipients and drugs coordinated using FT-IR. Post formulation parameters were studied. Formulation F2 was considered as excellent medicated confection that met all the requirements showing adequate hardness and disintegration of 10.3 kg/cm2 and 9.24 minutes respectively with a strong drug release rate of 99.14%. The acetazolamide lozenges can be a better approach for high altitude problems in prevention as well as treatment in emergency conditions with shorter half-life.
Acetazolamide; Acute mountain sickness; bioavailability; high altitude; Hypoxia; Lozenges; systemic absorption.
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