Throughout history, mental illness and demon possession have frequently been conflated, with one often misinterpreted as the other. Many cultures have attributed certain forms of mental suffering to supernatural causes, reflecting a complex interplay between cultural beliefs and a lack of scientific understanding. Despite the advancements in modern medical and psychological sciences, which have provided clearer frameworks for diagnosing and treating mental health disorders, traditional views of possession persist in various societies. This article examines the historical context of these intertwined phenomena, tracing the evolution of perceptions from ancient practices to contemporary interpretations. It explores the key distinctions between mental illness and perceived possession, highlighting the challenges that arise when cultural beliefs about the supernatural intersect with medical diagnoses. By delving into case studies and cross-cultural analyses, the discussion underscores the need for a balanced approach that respects cultural contexts while promoting evidence-based mental health care. In addressing this overlap, the article advocates for integrating cultural sensitivity into mental health practices to bridge the gap between traditional beliefs and modern science. It also emphasizes the importance of education, dialogue, and interdisciplinary collaboration in fostering understanding and reducing stigma around mental illness. Ultimately, this exploration seeks to enhance global mental health strategies by acknowledging the cultural dimensions of mental suffering while affirming the primacy of compassionate, comprehensive care.
mental illness, demon possession, culture, psychiatry, history of medicine, religious beliefs
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