The majority of Indian philosophical systems, including Buddhism and Jainism, have denounced Lokyata as a very primitive philosophy with no place in civilised society or deserving of praise. However, many contemporary scholars who studied Lokyata always approached it from a Marxist ideological perspective, only finding in it a school that was revolting against the spiritualism of the Vedic schools that were at the time active and even class conflict between the priest class and the common people. Since no complete original works from this school have been preserved to the present, it is challenging to understand its real flow of thought from the few, scattered comments and poems that have been attributed to it in the works of other schools. Modern researchers want us to assume that Lokyata reflects class strife and is opposed to spiritualism, but mediaeval philosophers depicted it unfavourably, stressing only its weak features, and even viewing its aphorisms as low and nasty. But how could it exist for over two millennia persuading every other school of thought if it was only a fundamental and laymen's ideology? As a result, the scholar has made an effort to learn about Lokayatya's tenets and how they were used in the epics.
Civilised Society, Philosophical Systems, Marxist Ideological, Spiritualism
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