This study examines the ongoing border dispute between Thailand and Cambodia over historic Hindu temple sites, particularly Preah Vihear and Prasat Ta Muen Thom. It investigates how colonial-era maps, historical treaties, and rulings by the International Court of Justice have shaped the territorial claims of both countries. The article explores how these temples, rich in religious and cultural meaning, have become symbols of national identity and have fueled nationalist sentiment on both sides. The role of ASEAN in managing the conflict is analysed, highlighting its structural limitations in resolving sovereignty-based disputes. The research assesses the consequences of militarising sacred sites, including civilian displacement, cultural damage, and disrupted cross-border ties. Drawing from these findings, the paper offers recommendations for peaceful resolution through joint heritage protection, cultural diplomacy, and regional cooperation. The study underscores the need to view temple conflicts not just as territorial issues, but as complex intersections of history, identity, and geopolitics.
Thai–Cambodian Border Dispute, Preah Vihear Temple, Prasat Ta Muen Thom, Colonial-Era Maps, ICJ Ruling; Nationalism, Cultural Heritage, ASEAN, Militarisation, Hindu Temples, Territorial Conflict, Geopolitics, Shared Heritage.
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