The Juang community, recognized as one of the Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs) of India, represents a unique cultural and linguistic heritage within Odisha. Concentrated primarily in the hill and forest regions of Keonjhar district, the Juang people possess a distinct cultural identity shaped by their historical isolation, intimate relationship with nature, and long-standing traditions. This study, titled “Juang Culture and Language: A Study of Keonjhar District,” seeks to explore and document the dynamic interplay between cultural practices, social life, and linguistic patterns of the Juanga tribe in the contemporary context. While modernization and development programs have influenced several aspects of their lifestyle, the Juanga community continues to preserve many of its indigenous practices, making it an important subject of anthropological and sociolinguistic inquiry. This paper investigates the various dimensions of Juanga culture, including their festivals, rituals, oral traditions, traditional attire, crafts, and worldview. Emphasis is placed on understanding how cultural expressions serve as markers of identity and instruments of social cohesion. The study further examines the Juang language part of the Austroasiatic language family, focusing on its structure, vocabulary, oral narrative styles, and its role in sustaining cultural memory. Special attention is also given to patterns of language retention and shift among the younger generation, who are increasingly exposed to Odia and other dominant languages through schooling and media. Methodologically, the research employs a combination of qualitative tools such as field observations, semi-structured interviews, and documentation of oral narratives, alongside a review of secondary literature. The findings highlight both the resilience and vulnerability of Juang cultural and linguistic traditions in Keonjhar district. While certain practices remain deeply rooted, others face decline due to socio-economic pressures, developmental interventions, and reduced intergenerational transmission. This study underscores the need for culturally sensitive policies, community-driven preservation initiatives, and further academic documentation to safeguard the rich cultural and linguistic heritage of the Juang people. Ultimately, the research contributes to a deeper understanding of tribal identity and cultural survival in an era of rapid socio-cultural transformation.
Juang Tribe, Juang Language, Oral Traditions, Folk Festivals, Traditional Crafts.
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