Environmental Pollution (EP) has become a global issue as the impacts are mainly crucial threats to man and biodiversity especially in Africa and other developing countries. In addition to humans and biodiversity, the effects of EP are intense on plants, animals, soil, water and air. As population increases, human needs for food, clothes, mobility and shelter get elevated which in turn require higher use of technology and energy resources vis-à-vis anthropogenic activities are the primary causes of the rising challenges of EP. This work is aimed at reviewing the roles of anthropogenic activities as key drivers of environmental pollution and loss of biodiversity. In order to achieve this aim and justify the work, the following specific objectives were developed including to: (i) identify and review relevant literature on anthropogenic activities prevalent in Africa. (ii) examine the impacts of the major anthropogenic activities on the environment including human health, soil, water, air, flora and fauna biodiversity. (iii) proffer sustainable solutions to curb the menace. Primary findings reveal the significant and adverse effects of anthropogenic activities on environmental risks, health and biodiversity due to increase in waste generation and use of non-renewable resources. Urgent need is necessary to create awareness among the various sectors of the society and to sensitize the people on the sustainable ways for waste generation and management. The paper recommends need for the comprehensive development and establishment of appropriate laws and policies to ameliorate EP and its associated menace.
Environmental pollution, Anthropogenic activities, Biodiversity, Sustainability, Africa, Nigeria
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