Achieving gender equality and empowering all women and girls is the 5th goal of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. The participation of women in the labour force is a key indicator of gender equality, economic empowerment of women and socio-economic development of a country. This paper explores the theoretical foundations of female labour force participation (FLFP) in Assam within the framework of the U-shaped hypothesis. The U-shaped curve suggests that FLFP initially declines and then rises with economic development. Using the NSSO, Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS) data from 2017 to 2021 and theoretical constructs, we are trying to examine the socio-economic, cultural, and structural factors affecting FLFP in Assam. As per the Periodic Labour Force survey-2021-22, Assam is situated at an increasing phase of the U-curve, where female participation in the labour force grows in response to the development and diversification of the economy. To continue such a pattern, there is a need for effective policies and social support systems formalization of women work.
Economic Development, Labour Force, Labour force participation rate, U-shaped hypothesis.
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