Objective Structural heart disease (SHD) describes various existing or inherited cardiac abnormalities throughout the valve system, wall structures, and cardiac chambers. Credit recent developments in catheter-based technologies for restructuring the management of SHD because they present new alternate access routes to bypass conventional open-heart surgery. Medical innovation brought forth TAVR alongside treatments for mitral and tricuspid valve repair systems through the progression of imaging, device engineering, and procedural techniques. The article reviews catheter-based SHD interventions by evaluating their effectiveness and operational challenges while assessing their benefit-efficacy ratio to open-heart surgery methods. This study examines new technological advances in valve development, robotic catheter steering, and artificial intelligence for operational planning and surgical choices. The paper reaches its final stage by examining the barriers to broad implementation, such as regulatory obstacles, economic restrictions, and training deficiencies, before delivering projections for technological adaptations that will fulfil unaddressed requirements in structural cardiology.
Structural Heart Disease (SHD), Catheter-Based Interventions, Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement (TAVR), Minimally Invasive Cardiology, Future Cardiovascular Technologies
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