Transient stability is a critical aspect of power system operation, referring to the ability of a multi-machine system to maintain synchronism when subjected to severe disturbances such as short circuits, sudden load changes, or generator outages. In high-capacity interconnected grids, loss of stability can lead to cascading failures and large-scale blackouts. Governor action, which controls turbine output in response to speed deviations, plays a vital role in damping oscillations, restoring frequency, and improving the dynamic performance of the system after disturbances. This study investigates the impact of different governor configurations-conventional, proportional– integral, and optimized parameter settings- on the transient stability of a representative IEEE 9-bus multi-machine power system. Detailed dynamic models are developed, Incorporating realistic turbine–governor characteristics, excitation systems, and network parameters. Time-domain simulations are performed under various fault scenarios to analyze rotor angle stability, frequency deviation, and critical clearing times with and without governor action.
Power System Stability, Transient Stability, Adaptive Control, Adaptive Governor, Low-Inertia Systems, Hybrid Power Systems, Renewable Energy Integration, Governor Droop, Simulation.
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