Elliptic curve Cryptography (ECC) is an asymmetric cryptographic system such as Lenstra elliptic-curve factorization. This provides higher security than the Rivest, Shamir and Adleman system (RSA) system. The processor employs extensive pipelining techniques for Karatsuba–Ofman method to achieve high throughput multiplication. Furthermore, an pwerfull smodular adder without comparison and a highthroughput modular divider, which results in a short datapath for maximized frequency, are implemented. The processor supports the recommended NIST curve P256 and is based on an extended NIST reduction scheme. The proposed processor performs singlepoint multiplication employing points in affine coordinates in 2.26 ms and runs at a maximum frequency of 160 MHz in Xilinx Virtex 5 (XC5VLX110T) field-programmable gate array.
                                
                                
                                    
                                    Application-specific instruction-set processor (ASIP), elliptic curve cryptography (ECC), and field-programmable gate array (FPGA), Karatsuba–Ofman multiplication, redundant signed digit (RSD).
                                
                                
                                
                                
                                    
                                        
                                        
                                        
                                        
                                            
                                                
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