Groundwater quality in Surat, a rapidly urbanizing industrial city in Gujarat, is of critical concern due to its direct impact on public health, agriculture, and sustainable development. This study investigates the physico-chemical characteristics of groundwater across key residential, industrial, and peri-urban zones of Surat. Representative water samples were collected seasonally and analyzed for parameters including pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), temperature, total hardness, acidity as well as indicators such as chloride where relevant. The results were compared against the Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) and World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines to assess potability and suitability for irrigation. Spatial variations indicated elevated TDS and nitrate levels in areas influenced by industrial effluent discharge and intensive agricultural activity, while elevated chloride and sodium levels were notable near coastal and urban fringe zones. Hydrogeochemical facies were identified using Piper and Durov diagrams to determine the dominant water types and possible groundwater evolution processes. Pollution indices such as the Water Quality Index (WQI) helped categorize areas of concern requiring immediate intervention. The study underscores the need for integrated groundwater management strategies, regular monitoring, and policy actions to mitigate contamination sources and ensure sustainable groundwater use in Surat.
Groundwater quality, physico chemical parameters, effective quality model.
International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development - IJTSRD having
online ISSN 2456-6470. IJTSRD is a leading Open Access, Peer-Reviewed International
Journal which provides rapid publication of your research articles and aims to promote
the theory and practice along with knowledge sharing between researchers, developers,
engineers, students, and practitioners working in and around the world in many areas
like Sciences, Technology, Innovation, Engineering, Agriculture, Management and
many more and it is recommended by all Universities, review articles and short communications
in all subjects. IJTSRD running an International Journal who are proving quality
publication of peer reviewed and refereed international journals from diverse fields
that emphasizes new research, development and their applications. IJTSRD provides
an online access to exchange your research work, technical notes & surveying results
among professionals throughout the world in e-journals. IJTSRD is a fastest growing
and dynamic professional organization. The aim of this organization is to provide
access not only to world class research resources, but through its professionals
aim to bring in a significant transformation in the real of open access journals
and online publishing.