The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in architecture is reshaping the design landscape, offering architects powerful tools to enhance efficiency, sustainability, and creative exploration. This paper explores how AI technologies such as machine learning, generative design, and simulation tools are transforming architectural workflows, from automated drafting to data-driven environmental analysis and immersive visualization. While AI expands design possibilities and streamlines complex processes, it also raises critical concerns regarding creative autonomy, ethical bias, skill degradation, and cultural sensitivity. Through a series of global case studies including The Edge in Amsterdam, Foster + Partners’ NAICM, and Zaha Hadid Architects’ parametric projects, the paper demonstrates how AI can act as a collaborative partner rather than a creative replacement. The study highlights the importance of human oversight, interdisciplinary collaboration, and critical engagement with AI tools to ensure that technological advancement supports human-centered and culturally meaningful design. For architecture students and practitioners alike, the paper provides both a cautionary perspective and a roadmap for integrating AI responsibly into the future of the profession.
Artificial Intelligence in Architecture, Generative Design, Creative Autonomy, Sustainable Design, Human-Centered Architecture
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