Cybersecurity is experiencing unprecedented change as artificial intelligence, quantum computing, and hyper-connected devices expand the global attack surface. This paper surveys the latest trends shaping the threat landscape and evaluates defensive strategies that organizations are deploying to counter escalating risks. Drawing on recent breach statistics and case studies, the analysis highlights eight emerging threats, including AI-powered attacks, supply-chain vulnerabilities, and the looming challenge of post-quantum cryptography, along with corresponding defensive responses such as zero-trust architectures, adaptive security frameworks, and secure-by-design development. Persistent research gaps are identified in areas such as adversarial AI, neuromorphic hardware security, and cross-border regulatory harmonization. The discussion concludes with actionable recommendations for practitioners, researchers, and policymakers, emphasizing workforce development, continuous threat-exposure management, and international cooperation. By integrating technological, organizational, and policy perspectives, this study provides a comprehensive roadmap for mitigating cyber risks and safeguarding critical infrastructure in the years ahead.
Cybersecurity trends; Artificial intelligence attacks; Zero-trust architecture; Post-quantum cryptography; Cybersecurity governance.
International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development - IJTSRD having
online ISSN 2456-6470. IJTSRD is a leading Open Access, Peer-Reviewed International
Journal which provides rapid publication of your research articles and aims to promote
the theory and practice along with knowledge sharing between researchers, developers,
engineers, students, and practitioners working in and around the world in many areas
like Sciences, Technology, Innovation, Engineering, Agriculture, Management and
many more and it is recommended by all Universities, review articles and short communications
in all subjects. IJTSRD running an International Journal who are proving quality
publication of peer reviewed and refereed international journals from diverse fields
that emphasizes new research, development and their applications. IJTSRD provides
an online access to exchange your research work, technical notes & surveying results
among professionals throughout the world in e-journals. IJTSRD is a fastest growing
and dynamic professional organization. The aim of this organization is to provide
access not only to world class research resources, but through its professionals
aim to bring in a significant transformation in the real of open access journals
and online publishing.