Arsenic contamination of drinking water poses a serious environmental and public health challenge, particularly in developing regions where groundwater serves as the primary water source. Green synthesized biomedical nanoparticles have emerged as an eco friendly and highly effective alternative for sustainable arsenic remediation. Produced using biological resources such as medicinal plant extracts, algae, fungi, and bacteria, these nanoparticles eliminate the need for hazardous chemicals while offering excellent biocompatibility and environmental safety. Their high surface reactivity, tunable morphology, and abundant active binding sites enable efficient adsorption and transformation of both As III and arsenate As V species. Iron oxide, zinc oxide, silver, and biopolymer based nanoparticles synthesized through green routes have demonstrated remarkable removal efficiency, operational stability, and reusability under diverse water conditions. Beyond arsenic sequestration, several biomedical nanoparticles possess antimicrobial properties that simultaneously reduce pathogenic contamination, enhancing overall water quality. Despite these advantages, issues related to large scale production, long term environmental behavior, regeneration efficiency, and economic feasibility require further investigation. Integrating green nanotechnology with advanced water treatment systems can provide sustainable and affordable solutions for arsenic affected communities. This paper summarizes recent developments in the synthesis, physicochemical characteristics, remediation mechanisms, biomedical significance, and future prospects of green synthesized nanoparticles, highlighting their potential to support safe drinking water and environmental sustainability. Nanotechnology, Water remediation, Nanoparticles, Arsenic Removal, Environmental sustainability. 1040-1045 Issue-6 Volume-9 Akbare Azam