It is common to get urinary stones. Geographical, ecological, and environmental factors all have a role in urolithiasis. It has been determined that certain geographic areas are endemic stone belts. Urolithiasis is a common health problem across the globe. Prevalence of urolithiasis in Bhagalpur division has steadily increasing. Knowing the chemical makeup of uroliths can help patient with management and recurrence prevention. Study depicts that improper water intake play an important role in urolithiasis apart from dietary sources. Improper water intake allow calcium oxalate to stick together in urinary system. Our objective is to determine anatomical distribution, chemical composition and abundance of uroliths. A descriptive study of about 97 uroliths were collected from surgically treated patient sent to laboratory for chemical analysis. Sample were analysed using qualitative test. Calcium containing uroliths like calcium oxalate and calcium phosphate were predominant. Cystine was rarely found. This study provide an important information about uroliths in Bhagalpur division. This can provide an excellent summary of stone morphology and the potential to identify certain metabolic conditions and specific chemical kinds with their many crystalline phases are illustrated in relation to their various aetiologies. Uroliths, Urolithiasis, Calcium oxalate, Bhagalpur. 1786-1790 Issue-5 Volume-10 Sharquea Ali | Firoze Ahmad