The ubiquity of wireless technologies in urban environments leads to a significant increase in human exposure to artificial electromagnetic fields, particularly in the microwave and high frequency bands 300 MHz to 300 GHz . This scientific article, structured according to the academic standards of the National Pedagogical University UPN , examines the biophysical interactions between these non ionizing waves and biological tissues. Using Maxwell s macroscopic equations, we model the penetration, propagation, and attenuation of waves in the human body, characterized by its dielectric properties complex permittivity and conductivity . The analysis focuses on thermal effects, quantified by the Specific Absorption Rate SAR , as well as potential non thermal mechanisms at the cellular level. Finally, concrete radiation protection recommendations adapted to the context of the Democratic Republic of Congo are formulated. Microwaves, Maxwell s equations, Specific Absorption Rate SAR , Biophysical effects, Radiation protection, UPN. 217-220 Issue-4 Volume-10 Onema Olangi Jean-Paul | Onema Lama Emile-Michel | Ngoie Caleb Caleb